Pg. 101, 103-107
Assassination and
Another Caesar
- people were
disturbed by Caesars power
- in 44 B.C. Caesar
was voted dictator for life
- Caesar had become
a Greek styled tyrant
- on March 15th, 44
B.C. Caesar was assassinated by being stabbed to death from the senators
- Caesars death
stared a civil war
- the war was fought
between Mark Antony and Octavian Caesar
- Julius Caesar was
proclaimed a "Divine Being"
- Octavian became a
a supreme warlord
LO1
- Soon after
Octavian's triumph at Actium, the Senate conferred on him a new title,
Augustus, The name under which he has gone down in history
- Now that he was
supreme ruler, Augustus intended to stay in power, reconstruct the failed
government of the Roman City state, and keep its empire together
- Princeps- 'First
citizen" a traditional Roman name for prominent leaders who were
considered indispensable to the republic that came to be used by Augustus and
other early emperors
- By arrangement
with The Senate in 27 B.C. Augusts was confirmed as commander in chief if the
armed forces, which included civil and military control off all provinces with
garrisons
-He did not bring
back the "mixed" government that had once been the source if its
stability and vitality
- Augusts was not
the first powerful Roman to be worshiped in this way, But this time the
practice spread well beyond Anatolia
- He also acquired
the title of Father of the Fatherland
-Said on his death
bed that he thought he was turning into a god
- "The era of
the Roman peace was one of massive social, religious, and cultural changes that
would form a new pattern of Western Civilization."
- Augustus began a
whole series of large-scale reforms
- Brought the system
of government appointments under his personal control
- avoided breaking
with tradition
- showed respect for
local institutions and encouraged provincial leaders to fulfill their
responsibilities
- reorganized the
army to ensure the loyalty of the rank-and-file soldiers
- gradually brought
that all soldiers were volunteers
- this caused
Augustus and his successors to break with the Roman tradition and create the
world's 1st professional army
- Augustus wanted
his successor to come from his family
- Augustus had no
sons so he chose Tiberius
- Augustus adopted
Tiberius to give him hereditary standings
- Augustus dies in
14 A.D.
- Tiberius took over
without a challenge
- Caesars last
decedent was Nero
- Nero was
overthrown after a tyrannical reign
- No one thought to
restore the government to a Republic
- Augustus - The
imperial title given to a reigning emperor.
- Roman Peace - A term
used to refer to the relative stability and prosperity that Roman rule brought
to the Mediterranean world and much of the western Europe during the first
and second centuries A.D.
- Most of the earliest
Latin literary works no longer exist, but many comedies staged in the third and
second centuries B.C. by Platus and Terence are still performed today.
- Their works were based on Greek comedies of the Hellenistic era,
adapted to the rough and tumble tastes of Roman Audiences.
